تشريح الجهاز التنفسي
تشريح الجهاز التنفسي
the nasal turbinates, which warm, humidify, and filter the
inspired air. Secretions draining from the paranasal sinuses
are carried to the pharynx by the mucociliary action of the
ciliated respiratory epithelium. Lymphoid tissue can obstruct
airflow through the nasopharynx (adenoids) or the posterior
pharynx (tonsils).
The epiglottis protects the larynx during swallowing by
deflecting material toward the esophagus. The arytenoid cartilages,
which assist in opening and closing the glottis, are less
prominent in children than in adults. The opening formed by
the vocal cords (the glottis) is V-shaped, with the apex of the
V being anterior. Below the vocal cords, the walls of the subglottic
space converge toward the cricoid portion of the trachea.
In children under 3 years of age, the cricoid ring is the
narrowest portion of the airway, whereas in older children and
adults it is the glottis. C-shaped cartilage, extending approximately
320° around the airway circumference, supports the
trachea and mainstem bronchi. The posterior wall of the trachea
is membranous. Beyond the lobar bronchi, the cartilaginous
support for the airways becomes discontinuous.
The right lung has three lobes (upper, middle, lower) and
comprises approximately 55% of the total lung volume. The left
lung has two lobes (upper, lower). The inferior division of the
left upper lobe, the lingula, is analogous to the right middle lobe.
يدخل الهواء للجهاز التنفسي عبر مساحه كبيرة من عنفات الأنف ، التي تسخن وترطب وتصفى هواء الشهيق
إلافرازات التي تنزل من الجيوب الأنفية تهبط إلى البلعوم عن طريق اهداب الخلايا المبطنه للـجـهاز التنفسي الأنسجة اللمفاوية يمكن أن تعيق
تدفق الهواء من خلال البلعوم الأنفي (adenoids) أو الخلفي
البلعوم (اللوزتين)..
Air enters the nose and passes over the large surface area ofthe nasal turbinates, which warm, humidify, and filter the
inspired air. Secretions draining from the paranasal sinuses
are carried to the pharynx by the mucociliary action of the
ciliated respiratory epithelium. Lymphoid tissue can obstruct
airflow through the nasopharynx (adenoids) or the posterior
pharynx (tonsils).
The epiglottis protects the larynx during swallowing by
deflecting material toward the esophagus. The arytenoid cartilages,
which assist in opening and closing the glottis, are less
prominent in children than in adults. The opening formed by
the vocal cords (the glottis) is V-shaped, with the apex of the
V being anterior. Below the vocal cords, the walls of the subglottic
space converge toward the cricoid portion of the trachea.
In children under 3 years of age, the cricoid ring is the
narrowest portion of the airway, whereas in older children and
adults it is the glottis. C-shaped cartilage, extending approximately
320° around the airway circumference, supports the
trachea and mainstem bronchi. The posterior wall of the trachea
is membranous. Beyond the lobar bronchi, the cartilaginous
support for the airways becomes discontinuous.
The right lung has three lobes (upper, middle, lower) and
comprises approximately 55% of the total lung volume. The left
lung has two lobes (upper, lower). The inferior division of the
left upper lobe, the lingula, is analogous to the right middle lobe.
